Key agronomic practices to maximise beet yields
1 – Preparation
Preparation and planning determine two-thirds of the potential yield. Ensure paddocks meet the necessary standards before drilling. The seedbed should be fine and firm, with seed drilled into moisture at a depth of 20mm. Drilling into a soft seedbed may result in deeper seed placement and moisture loss, leading to poor germination and establishment.
2 – Timing
Timing for all husbandry operations is critical to success and relies on good planning.
Drilling: Beet can germinate in cool soils. However, if irrigated, aim to drill when soil temperatures reach 10°C and rising, which promotes even establishment and rapid canopy growth.
Herbicide Applications: Pre-emergent herbicides are essential for managing problem weeds. The timing of post-emergent herbicides is also crucial, as only light rates of active ingredients should be applied early to avoid harming the fodder beet. Many problematic weeds must be targeted at the cotyledon stage, as one large weed per square meter can lead to a yield loss of up to 10%.
3 – Nutrients
Most of the nutrients that fodder beet requires, above what the soil naturally contains, are applied in the base fertiliser, including one-third of its nitrogen (N) requirement. The remaining two-thirds of N should be applied post-emergence. Nitrogen is vital for driving rapid canopy cover, which helps minimise weed establishment and maximise yield.
The first post-emergent N application can occur as early as the cotyledon stage – the sooner the plant transitions to 8+ leaves, the better. The final third of N should be applied close to canopy closure to help maintain leaf vigour.
4 – Vigilance
Fodder beet is planted at a low density, so any loss in plant numbers or performance can significantly reduce yield. Stay vigilant against insect pests and any signs of pressure. Nutrients such as nitrogen and boron may be lost during heavy rainfall, and insect and disease pressures can arise at various points throughout the season. Early prevention or treatment is always the best practice.
